Refugees and migrants arbitrarily held in Sabaa detention centre in Tripoli are suffering from alarming rates of acute malnutrition, while some were recently locked in a small room with only 0.7 m2 of space per person, says international medical organisation Doctors Without Borders (MSF).
There are currently over 300 detainees in Sabaa, including more than 100 children under 18 years old. MSF calls on Libyan authorities and the international community to urgently address the inhumane and dangerous conditions in Libyan detention centres.
Two rounds of nutrition assessments published in a new report by MSF indicate that nearly a quarter of people held in Sabaa detention centre are malnourished or underweight, with children being significantly more likely than adults to suffer from severe and moderate malnutrition.
The findings support numerous individual testimonies which state that people in the detention centre receive only one meal every two or three days and that new arrivals to the centre can wait up to four days before receiving food.
On 21 February, MSF began providing emergency food rations in Sabaa to address the serious food shortages and improve the health of the population. On the same day, an MSF medical team discovered 31 people locked up in a small room measuring just 4.5 metres by 5 metres, allowing only 0.7 m2 of space per person.
There was no space to lie down, the room had no latrines and people were forced to urinate in buckets and plastic bottles. Despite repeated calls by MSF that they are to be relocated to a more appropriate space, people continued to be detained in this room for more than a week.
“What we see today in this single detention centre is symptomatic of an uncontrolled, unjustified, and reckless system that puts the lives of refugees and migrants at risk,” says Karline Kleijer, MSF’s head of emergencies. “We’re talking about the basic necessities required to sustain human life. If food, shelter and essential services can’t be provided in a consistent and appropriate manner, then these people should be released immediately by the Libyan authorities. The fact that Europe, too, is contributing to this suffering through policies that enable people rescued at sea to be forcibly returned to inhumane detention conditions in Libya is utterly unconscionable.”
MSF’s most recent nutrition assessment, conducted in February, shows that nearly one in four people in Sabaa exhibit signs linked to the inconsistent provision and poor quality of food. Two percent suffer from severe acute malnutrition, 5% suffer from moderate acute malnutrition, and a further 16% are underweight.
Children under 18, who account for more than one-third of the total population, are two times more likely to be severely malnourished and three times more likely to be moderately malnourished than adults.
MSF believes that no child should be detained in this manner. UNHCR clearly states that children should not be detained for immigration purposes, as this has been documented to undermine their physical and mental health and is a violation of children’s rights.
“The situation is extremely concerning, given that within the confines of detention people have absolutely no control over what, when or how much they eat – they are completely dependent on authorities for their food intake,” says Kees Keus, MSF’s health advisor for Libya. “Our medical teams see patients who have stopped taking medications because they have nothing to eat, and the food is consistently identified as the primary cause of anxiety in this centre.”
MSF remains firmly opposed to the arbitrary detention of refugees, migrants and asylum seekers in Libya, and continues to denounce the policies of European member states that enable the forced return of these vulnerable people to conditions that are degrading and dangerous to their physical and mental health.
MSF calls upon Libyan authorities and the international community to respond immediately to the situation in Libya by:
- Ensuring that everyone held in Sabaa and in detention centres across Libya is consistently provided with an adequate quantity of food to meet their basic dietary requirements.
- Releasing all children under 18 from detention and providing the necessary support to ensure their wellbeing.
- Suspending all new arrivals to Sabaa detention centre, if it is not possible to provide them with appropriate food or space while securing the release or transfer of current detainees.
- Ensuring that conditions in detention centres uphold national, regional and internationally agreed standards.
For more than two years, MSF has been providing medical care to refugees, migrants and asylum seekers held in detention centres in Tripoli, Khoms, Zliten, and Misrata that are nominally under the authority of the Libyan Ministry of Interior and its agency for combating illegal immigration (DCIM).
Detainees in these centres are not guaranteed access to medical care – this is provided by a handful of humanitarian organisations such as MSF or by UN agencies that manage to have a limited presence in the country despite widespread violence and insecurity.
In addition to providing lifesaving referrals, MSF medics treat detainees for medical problems mostly caused or aggravated by the lack of consistent or adequate medical assistance and the inhumane conditions inside the detention centres. These include respiratory tract infections, acute watery diarrhoea, scabies infestations and tuberculosis.
Many patients suffer from anxiety and depression or display symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. MSF frequently sees patients with psychiatric conditions requiring inpatient care that are linked to, or exacerbated by, detention in these circumstances.
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